Galore Park Parent Catalogue 2018

13+ revision & practice

Sci ence

FOR LATEST ISEB SYLLABUS

Circuit symbols

5 Preliminary knowledge for 13+ Physics

5 Preliminary knowledge for13+Physics

Component Cell (battery)

Symbol

What the component isused for Provides electrical energy for the circuit

Alternative tousing cells

Power supply (labpack)

approved

Lets electric current travel through it

Wire (lead)

Bulb/lamp

Converts electrical energy intoheat and light energy

Motor

Converts electrical energy intomovement energy

M

Revision tip This chapter isdivided into four sections and containsmaterialyou MUSTKNOW tobe successful at13+ exams. Be sure thatyou can answerALL thequestions in this chapter as afirst partof your revision.

Buzzer

Converts electrical energy into soundenergy

Push-button switch

Whenpressed, it completes the circuit,allowing the current toflow When closed, it completes the circuit,allowing the current toflow

science for Common Entrance 13+ Revision Guide

Switch

Adding cells or lamps l The lamp, cell and switch are connected in series – the components are connected one after another. And there is only one path for the current to follow. l The lamp is said to shine with ‘normal brightness’ (one cell, one lamp). l Adding more lamps makes each lamp dimmer. l Adding another cell makes the lamp in the circuit brighter. In general l If the number of cells = the number of lamps, the lamps are of normal brightness. l If the number of cells > the number of lamps, the lamps are brighter than normal brightness. l If the number of cells < the number of lamps, the lamps are dimmer than normal brightness. The misnamed ‘short circuit’ l This is misnamed because it has nothing to do with length. l Electric current will always take the easiest route.

5.1 Simple electric circuits

l Lamps light, motors turn and buzzers sound when an electric current passes through them. l We say that electric current moves from the + (positive) terminal through the circuit to the – (negative) terminal of a cell/battery. (This is called the conventional flow of current.) l A battery is made up of two or more cells connected together. l Electric current moves through wires (leads), which are electrical conductors. Remember from your study of chemistry about conductivity: l Conductors let heat and/or electricity pass through them. For example, all metals. l Insulators do not let heat/electricity pass through them. For example, wood, plastics, air, expanded polystyrene. For an electric circuit to work: l there must be no gaps, i.e. there must be a complete circuit l all cells must face the same way, i.e. be the same way round. Drawing electric circuits l Circuits should be drawn as straight lines for the conducting wires. l Circuit symbols should be drawn to represent the various components (lamps, cells, etc.).

Revise every topic and theory tested in the ISEB 13+ Common Entrance exams for biology, chemistry and physics.

■ Handy revision checklist, tips and advice make revision easier and more effective

£16.99 9781471847165

■ ‘Test yourself’ exercises ensure material is fully understood

This ‘short cut’means the currentwill not reach the bulb, and the lampwill not light up.

A fault in mains equipment could cause a person to receive an electric shock. To prevent this, an earth wire is found in most plugs. The earth wire is the short circuit that takes the current to the ground rather than passing through a person.

science for Common Entrance 13+ Exam Practice Questions

Physics

89

88

Science for Common Entrance 13+ Revision Guide – Chapter 5: Preliminary knowledge for 13+ physics

1847165_Science_RG_BP_05.indd 89

08/10/15 2:59PM

1847165_Science_RG_BP_05.indd 88

08/10/15 2:59PM

Build exam confidence with a multitude of questions reflecting the style and level of the ISEB Common Entrance science exam.

2 Copy thewords in theboxesbelow and thendraw lines tomatchup each term with thebestdescription.There aremoredescriptions than terms. (4)

4 Whichoptionbest completes eachof the following sentences?

8 Relationships in an ecosystem

(1)

(a) Thefinal sizeof apopulation is not affectedby

Ecological term

Description

Nitrate

All themembersof the same species living inone area

themethodused to count theorganisms competition for food thenumberofdisease-causingorganisms thenumberofpredators

■ Practise applying knowledge for every topic for biology, chemistry and physics.

Competition

Managing the environment for thebenefitofwildlife

Population

Neededbyplants in thehabitat tomake chlorophyll

Conservation

Amineraloften added to farmland in fertilisers Twoormoreorganisms trying toobtain the same thing from their environment

■ Each chapter tests a single topic, to make it easier to identify strengths and weaknesses

3 Thediagram shows a foodweb in the sea close toAntarctica.

(1)

(b) The top carnivore in ahabitat is always

£15.99 9781471847196

leopard seal

abird

a fox

very small

an animal

(1) 8 Relationships in an ecosystem

(c) Eachof the following is an exampleofpollution except for

adeliepenguin

crabeater seal

emperor penguin

bacteria

■ Just like the Common Entrance papers, each section begins with a series of multiple-choice questions

excess chemicalsflowing into rivers poisonous chemicalsbeing sprayedonto crops woodlandbeing cutdown sulfurdioxidebeing released from car engines

fish

squid

1 (a) breakdownwastematerials (1)

(e) quadrat

(1)

krill

(1) (b) photosynthesis

(1)

(f) a carnivore

(1)

(d) Ahabitatdoes not provide

tinyplants (phytoplankton)

(c) a food chain

(1)

(g) green plant

(1)

food

breeding sites

(a) (i) Identify an exampleof eachof the following

(4)

predators

shelter

(d) iodine solution

(1)

• aherbivore • aproducer • a carnivore • anorganism thatbreaksdownwastematerials (ii) Drawouta food chainoffiveorganisms selected from this foodweb. (2)

science for Common Entrance 13+ Exam Practice Answers

5 The graphbelow showshow thepopulationofwild trout in a lake changedover aperiodof time.

2 nitrate – a mineral often added to farmland in fertilisers competition – two or more organisms trying to obtain the same thing from their environment population – all the members of the same species living in one area conservation – managing the environment for the benefit of wildlife (4)

A

B

C

D

E

(b) Emperorpenguins feedon squid.Squid swim veryquickly andhave a slippery skin.

3 (a) (i) a herbivore – krill/squid

populationof trout

■ Includes the ISEB Common Entrance mark scheme

a producer – phytoplankton

time

a carnivore – any organism other than phytoplankton,krill or bacteria

Whatdoes the section labelledD tell you about thebirth rate and thedeath rateof the troutduring this timeperiod? (1) (ii) Explainhow you know this. (1)

(a) (i)

■ Help children to refine answers with worked examples and diagrams

an organism that breaks down waste materials – bacteria

(4)

Whichpartof the curve showswhen thefishbegan to competewith eachother for food? (1)

(b) (i)

(ii) for example:

Suggest two ways inwhich the Emperorpenguin iswell adapted to catching itsprey.

phytoplankton ➞ krill ➞ fish ➞ crabeater seal ➞ leopard seal (2)

Biology

39

38

(b) any two of:

19/10/15 5:11PM • streamlined shape • webbed feet • sharp beak

£13.99 9781471847226

Science for Common Entrance 13+ Exam Practice Questions – Chapter 8: Relationships in an ecosystem

1847196_Science_Ex_Prac_Ques_C08_037_042.indd 39

1847196_Science_Ex_Prac_Ques_C08_037_042.indd 38

19/10/15 5:11PM

(2)

4 (a) the method used to count the organisms

(1)

Broad range of questions, very good study aid - Amazon Customer

(b) an animal

(1)

(c) woodland being cut down

(1)

(d) predators

(1)

17

Science for Common Entrance 13+ Exam Practice Answers – Chapter 8: Relationships in an ecosystem

1847226_Science_Ex_Prac_ANS_Biology.indd 17

19/10/15 8:51AM

3 2

3 3

Te l : 0 2 0 3 1 2 2 6 4 0 5 I V i s i t : g a l o r e p a r k . c o . u k

Te l : 0 2 0 3 1 2 2 6 4 0 5 I V i s i t : g a l o r e p a r k . c o . u k